中考英语完形填空考点聚焦及试题演练
【考点扫描】
“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。
“完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有
1. 语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。
2. 具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。
3. 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。
4. 同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5. 根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。
可见，完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。
完形填空题的考查目的
1. 考查同学们阅读理解能力。
2. 考查同学们语法知识。
3. 考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。
【名师解难】
一、完形填空题的命题特点
完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。
完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容
1、词汇
此类题目考查的内容是近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。
2、语法
此类题目考查的是各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。
3、结构
此类题目考查的是文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。
从设空的类型看可分为三个层次
1、句子层次
2、句组层次
3、全篇层次
设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。
分析近几年陕西省的完形填空题，我们可以看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。总体难度较低。
二、完形填空的解题技巧
前面我们已经分析过，完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择填空。做“完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤
1、通读全文，了解大意
做这类题目是，应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取。例如2002年北京海淀区中考试题中的完形填空题
A hot dog is one of the most popular Arican foods. It as nad after frankfurter, a German food.
You may hear “hot dog”1 in other ays. People sotis say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you ould like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I ould love to go.” Or, you uld say, “4 ! I ould love to go.”
People 5 use the expression to describe (描写)soone ho is a “sho- off”, ho tries to sho everyone else ho 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, ho 8 the ball ith one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You kno he is a hot dog because hen he makes such a catch, he bos (鞠躬) to the crod, hoping to in their 10 .
1. A. eaten B. used C. oked D. picked
2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply
3. A. if B. ho C. hen D. here
4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t orry C. Never mind D. Excuse
5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet
6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great
7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action
8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. thros
9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy
10. A. thanks B. cheers C. dals D. matches
如果不看后面的文章内容，短文的第一个题所给第四个选项都可以填入空白处，不论是从语法的角度，还是从这个句子的意思完整的角度，都是能够站得住脚的。但如果继续看完这一段短文之后，你就会领悟到，“hot dog”在这里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能选used。
有些同学一拿到“完形填空”题，就着手去填，填到，才发现所选答案语全文的意思不符，不得不在从头开始。费时又费力，还不易做准确，这种方法是不可取的。
2、瞻前顾后，逐步填空
了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 ，文章后面所给的选择答案可分三类一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也正确。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上下文的意思，还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思。
3、认真复查，适当调整
填空全部做完以后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。，如果意思连贯，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。
【中考范例】
(2004年陕西省中考试题)
Once upon a ti, so children ere playing at seaside hen they found a turtle(海龟). They began to beat the turtle. Just at that ti, a young man ca and said to them, “S!” The children ran 31 quickly. The turtle as very thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really ould like 32 you to a onderful palace no.”?
The young man rode on the back of the turtle and as taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he 33 the palace, he as very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace!” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him 34 . He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a arm ele there and as very 35 everything.
After dinner, the king of the turtles said, “I am going to give you to boxes, 36 you can open only one.” “You mustn’t open both. Don’t fet it!” the turtle arned him. “All right. I ill open only one,” the young man promised(许诺). At this ti, a large ave sent him out of the sea.
After he 37 , he opened the bigger one of the to boxes.38 the box as full of gold. “My God!” he cried. “I’m 39 no.” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He uld not ait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he beca an old man. His hair turned hite. His face 40 an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a mont. He as sorry for hat he did, but it as too late.?
31. A. through B. aay C. into D. out
32. A. anting B. asking C. to let D. to invite
33. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got aay
34. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner
C.a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner
35. A. pleased ith B. strict in C. angry ith D. sorry for
36. A. so B. or C. but D. as
37. A. ent back to ho B. as back ho
C. ent back to the sea D.as back the sea
38. A. To his surprising B. To one’s surprising
C. To one’s surprise D. To his surprise
39. A. a poor man B. a rich man
C. an old man D. a young man
40. A. liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked
31. B 根据上下文判断，那些孩子们应该是跑走了。所以应选aay。
32. D ould like 之后应接不定式，年轻人就了海龟的命，海龟应是“邀请年轻人到宫殿去。”
33. C 到达某个地方应用arrived at。
34. A 按照逻辑，海龟国王要感谢他，必然设盛宴招待他。所以应选a big dinner。
35. A 海龟国王盛情招待他，所以他对一切都满意。pleased ith everything表示的就是这个意思。
36. C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，所以应选but。
37. B 年轻人在海里见到了海龟国王，得到了两个盒子以后，应该回家，而不是回到海里。而回家应是ent back ho。
38. D 使他感到惊讶的是，用英语表示就是To his surprise。
39. B 他得到了金子，应该是a rich man。
40.C 由于贪心，他的头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁的老头。
从2004年的完形填空题来看，难度不大，全部题目都属于句子层次。只要看懂了短文的意思，掌握了一些短语的固定搭配，再多做一些精选的练习，做好完形填空题是不难的。
【满分演练】
(1)
A very ne, young officer as at a railay station. He as on his ay to visit his mother in 1 ton. He anted to telephone her to tell her the ti of his train, 2 she uld et him at the 3 in her car. He looked at all his pockets, but 4 that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he ent on and looked 5 for soone to help him. At last an old soldier ca by, and the young officer sped him and said, “Can you change the money 6 ?”
“Wait a mont,” the soldier 7 , and he began to put his hand in his 8 “I’ll see hether I can help you.”
“Don’t you kno ho to speak to an officer?” the young officer said angrily “No let’s 9 again, Can you change the money for ?”
“No, sir,” the old soldier ansered 10 .
1.A.other B.the other C.another D.one
2.A.so B.so that C.because D.hen
3.A.place B.station C.street D.s
4.A.kne B.thought C.found D.found out
5.A.up B.don C.around D.into
6.A.to B.ith C.for D.and
7.A.ansered B.spoke C.told D.smiled
8.A.at B.handbag C.allet D.pocket
9.A.start B.to begin C.doing D.ask
10.A.easily B.fast C.happily D.quickly
(2)
One of Charlie Chaplin’s most famous films as “The Gold Rush” The film as set in California in the middle of the 1 century. At that ti, gold as disvered in California and thousands of people 2 there to look for gold, so it beca 3 as “the gold rush” People said gold uld 4 be picked up by ashing sand from the river in a pan of ater. This as knon as “panning for gold”
In the film, Chaplin and his friend are in California. So far, they have been 5 in their search for gold and have no money at all. They 6 in a sno storm in a small ooden house. They have 7 They are so hungry that they 8 a pair of shoes, by boiling them in a pan of ater. Chaplin sits don 9 the table and eats the shoe. He makes it seem as if this is one of the 10 als that he has ever enjoyed.
1.A.nieen B.niieth C.nieenth D.ninth
2.A.ent B.left C.climb D.found
3.A.famous B.knon C.onderful D.great
4.A.hard B.easily C.difficulty D.sloly
5.A.unhappy B.unsuessfully C.unlucky D.unluckily
6.A.have got B.et C.are caught D.live
7.A.a little food B.so ater C.nothing D.nothingto eat
8.A.ear B.ok C.make D.nd
9.A.at B.by C.near D.beside
10.A.biggest B.dearest C.cheapest D.most delicious
(3)
Once there as a boy in Toronto. His na as Jimmy. He started draing hen he as three years old, and hen he as five he as already very ___1___ at it. He dre many beautiful interesting pictures, and many people ___2___ his pictures. They thought this boy as going to be ___3___ hen he as a little older, and then they ere going to ___4___ these pictures for a lot of money.
Jimmy's pictures ere quite different from other ___5___ because he never dre on all of the paper. He dre on ___6___ of it, and the other half as alays ___7___.
"That's very clever," everybody said. "___8___ other people have ever done that before."
One day sobody asked him, "Please tell , Jimmy. Why do you dra on the bottom (底部) half of your pictures, ___9___ not on the half?"
"Because I'm small," Jimmy said, "and my brushes (毛笔) can't ___10___ very high."
1. A.poor B.sad C.glad D.good
2. A.bought B.brought C.sold D.took
3. A.different B.clever C.famous D.rich
4. A.buy B.sho C.leave D.sell
5. A.n's B.people's C.boy's D.child's
6. A.half B.part C.side D.end
7. A.full B.empty C.rong D.ready
8. A.No B.SoC.Any D.Many
9. A.then B.and C.but D.or
10. A.change B.turn C.pull D.reach
(4)
"Jane, please let borro a dollar," Jenny asked as they stood in the school lunch. "I have one in my jacket, but I don't ant to ___1___ and lose my place."
"OK," agreed Jane.
Jane aited all day for Jenny to ___2___ back the dollar she borroed, but Jenny seed to be ___3___. "She's just fotten," thought Jane. "I don't ant to ___4___ her angry." Still, her money didn't go far. So classmates, like Jenny, ere getting five dollars a eek.
Weeks ent by. At last Jane got up enough urage to tell her about the ___5___.
"Oh, Jane, I fot!" Jenny said, "I'll ___6___ the dollar tomorro."
The next day Jenny seed to have fotten again. During the noon hour Jane sa her ___7___ seets for Mary and Ann. Jenny sa Jane looking at her. ___8___ she said sothing in a lo voice to the other to girls. Jane felt ___9___ and asked her teacher if she uld go back to the classroom. In the classroom, Jane sa to ne pencils in Jenny's desk. An ___10___ ca to her.
"Jenny's not kind lately, and anyay, she really oes . A dollar doesn't an anything to her, but it ans a lot to ."
1. A.stay B.ait C.leave D.take
2. A.return B.lend C.sho D.pay
3. A.busy B.happy C.free D.sad
4. A.let B.make C.keep D.find
5. A.money B.lunch C.place D.classmate
6. A.rember B.bring C.give D.pass
7. A.borroing B.making C.selling D.buying
8. A.Even B.Again C.Then D.Instead
9. A.alone B.sad C.hungry D.lucky
10. A.end B.anser C.idea D.excuse
(5)
Monday is the beginning of the eek; it is the day most Aricans like orst. The day they ___1___ most is Saturday. Saturday is the ___2___ of the orkeek; it is the beginning of the eekend.
Life is ___3___ on the eekend; most Aricans ___4___ care of their houses, cars and gardens. They sleep ___5___ in the morning. They enjoy the feeling that the ti ___6___ to move more sloly.
The orkeek is for things you ___7___ to do; the eekend is for things you ___8___ to do. So people may get in a car for a ___9___ in the untry. They like to take part in a sports activity out of doors. And on Saturday night they might go to public eating ___10___ or a film.
1. A.like B.dislike C.spend D.leave
2. A.middle B.beginning C.end D.day
3. A.orse B.difficult C.better D.different
4. A.make B.take C.look D.pick
5. A.earlier B.later C.faster D.shorter
6. A.decides B.ants C.spends D.seems
7. A.enjoy B.hate C.have D.find
8. A.like B.start C.get D.check
9. A.drive B.alk C.fishing D.ashing
10.A.place B.house C.room D.apartnt
(6)
In the old days, in London, the smog as very thick. Car and bus drivers ___1___ to drive very sloly. They ___2___ sa the road in front of them even during the dayti. People did not like going out in the smog. ___3___ they had to go out, they ore "smogmask" over their faces.
In December 1952, a very ___4___ dark cloud ca don over London. It as the ___5___ smog Londoners had ever had. ___6___ of it as bad factory smoke. Nearly fifty people died in road aidents. But many more people beca unhealthy. The smog as very ___7___ for old people and children. One man said, "The streets ere almost ___8___ because people stayed at ho as much as possible. The air as very thick, and you uld almost cut it ith a knife."
After three eeks, the smog began to ___9___. But in the folloing eeks and months over 4000 people died as a ___10___ of the smog.
1. A.hurried B.stayed C.had D.sped
2. A.easily B.hardly C.already D.freely
3. A.If B.So C.Though D.Because
4. A.clear B.thick C.thin D.small
5. A.hottest B.nicest C.orst D.best
6. A.Much B.Many C.A fe D.A little
7. A.favourite B.strong C.dangerous D.eak
8. A.empty B.full C.dirty D.clean
9. A.rember B.fet C.arrive D.lift
10. A.part B.usual C.end D.result
(7)
Mother's day is a holiday for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States, England, Seden, India, Mexi and any other ___1___. Little by little, it ___2___ idely celebrated.
Mother's day falls on the send Sunday in May. ___3___, many people send ___4___ of love to their mothers. Those hose mothers are still living ___5___ a pink or red rose, hile those hose mothers are ___6___ ear a hite one.
The ___7___ of a day for mothers as first given by Miss Ana Jarvis of Philadelphia. As a result of her hard ork, the celebration for the first Arican Mother's Day ___8___ in Philadelphia on May 10, 1908. Soon the ___9___ beca popular all over the ___10___ and around the orld.
1. A.hos B.schools C.untries D.cities
2. A.gives B.bees C.stays D.begins
3. A.For a long ti B.In the morning C.At a ti D.On that day
4. A.presents B.things C.hello D.calls
5. A.put B.take C.ear D.dress
6. A.ill B.healthy C.dead D.busy
7. A.idea B.plan C.need D.eting
8. A.held B.as holding C.as held D.is he.ld
9. 64.day B.holiday C.month D.ti
10. A.untry B.Arica C.place D.England
(8)
The ideal (理想的) teacher may be young or old, tall or short, fat or thin. He should ___1___ his subject very ell and like learning sothing about other subjects. The ideal teacher must be full of strong feelings of onder or interest. He must ___2___ teach anything he himself is not ___3___ in. He should be like a man ho can act and should not be afraid to ___4___ his feelings and tell other people hat he likes and hat he doesn't like clearly. He must like his students and respect them, and he must also respect himself and be proud of his ork. ___5___ he doesn't, he cannot respect his students and ___6___ respect from them. The ideal teacher should have an ___7___ of his students and be able to get on ell ith them. He needs students' understanding, too. The ideal teacher should be kind and ___8___ and he should give hope to his students to learn knoledge. The ideal teacher should see his students' ___9___ so that he can kno ho to enurage the groth of ___10___ of his students. The ideal teacher is one ho gros, learns, and makes himself better along ith his students.
So hat about the teacher around you?
1. A.like B.kno C.choose D.rember
2..A.never B.ever C.even D.still
3. A.eak B.ell C.interested D.strict
4. A.hold B.sho C.pass D.keep
5. A.Since B.As C.If D.Because
6. A.give B.lose C.change D.in
7. 72.A.understanding B.idea C.exercise D.excuse
8.A.fetful B.helpful C.quick D.lucky
9. A.lists B.mistakes C.cards D.differences
10.A.each B.every C.one D.either
(9)
Haaii is famous for its beautiful beaches. Every year ater sports, especially surfing and ater skiing attract 1 tourists to the island.
Haaii has been a magical na to people ho like to travel 2 many years. People on 3 sides of the Pacific Ocean(太平洋), in Japan and in Arica, dream of 4 these beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. In the tropical(热带的) lands, the sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops so 5 that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glo(落日余辉) that lights the sky in the quiet ater.
People often have a quiet, enjoyable ti alking along the ater. This scenery
is not very different from the exciting beauty that greeted the first tourists to these islands centuries ago. They ca in canoes not much 6 than small boats.
They found the beautiful hite sand beaches and the aving palm trees(棕榈树)，but there ere no grand hotels like 7 e see today. The first people ca to Haaii nearly 8 years ago, but skyscraper(摩天大楼) hotels ere only built in the last 25 years. No aeroplanes make it possible to fly to Haaii for a eekend from Tokyo 9 San Francis.
10 people e from, they really ant to see the earliest beauty of Haaii. They ant to see the lovely beaches and the mountains hich are almost hidden by the tall hotels.?
1. A. many B. much C. any D. no?
2. A. by B. ith C. for D. since?
3. A. both B. each C. either D. every?
4. A. to see B. Seeing C. See D. sa?
5. A. happily B. quietly C. heavily D. quickly?
6. A. big B. biger C. bigger D. biggest
7. A. the one B. the ones C. this D. that?
8. A. to thousands B. to thousands of C. to thousand D. to thousand of?
9. A. to B. of C. in D. or?
10. A. Wherever B. Whatever C. Hoever D. Whenever?
(10)
Mobile phones are being more and more popular not only ith gron ups but also ith students. Meanhile, they also 1 a problem for middle schools in the past fe years. So children have got mobile phones as Christmas or birthday gifts, and more ill 2 ant them.
Many like SMS because it is easy and 3 . So parents felt happy because they uld get in touch 4 their children. So teachers said mobile phone use as a distraction(分心的事) to students during school hours and it also gave them much 5 in their classrooms. Sotis students 6 use phone ssages to cheat(作弊) during exams. A ne study found that so teenagers send ssages in class even hurt their fingers because they can’t s 7 SMS.
Many teachers suggested that students should not have phones at school, 8 if there as a good reason, they uld 9 their phones at school office. Many people think they understand 10 parents ould ant their children to have them, but they agree school should let the students kno hen they can use their mobile phones.?
1. A. because B. had bee C. have bee D. ill bee?
2. A. still B. yet C. already D. too?
3. A. quickly B. quick C. hurry D. sharp?
4. A. against B. on C. ith D. to?
5. A. business B. information C. things D. trouble?
6. A. dare B. have to C. should D. might?
7. A. using B. to use C. used D. used to?
8. A. and B. but C. though D. hoever?
9. A. miss B. leave C. lie D. fetch?
10. A. hether B. because C. hy D. since?
(11)
I first sa the baby panda hen she as only 10 days old. She looked like a hite mouse. We 1 her Xi Wang. It ans “hope”.
When Xi Wang as born, she eighed(重) 2 100 grams(克). Xi Wang drank her mother’s milk for as much as 14 hours a day. When she as six months old, she started to eat bamboo shoots(嫩芽) and 3 . Eight months later, she as not a small baby any more. She gre into a 4 young panda and eighed 35 kilos. When Xi Wang as 20 months old, she had to look after herself 5 her mother had another baby.
6 , it is very difficult for pandas to live in the ild(野外). Here are so of the 7 that pandas like Xi Wang may have in the future.
If hunters(猎人) catch a panda, they ill kill it for its fur(毛皮). If farrs 8 trees and forests, pandas ill have no place to live in.
When mothers leave baby pandas alone, people ill often take them aay. People think that the baby pandas need 9 .
If pandas are in danger, e should try our best to protect them. If e do 10 , soon there ill be no more pandas in the orld!?
1. A. made B. called C. told D. kept?
2. A. quite B. mostly C. just D. hardly?
3. A. leaves B. vegetables C. trees D. chips?
4. A. strange B. eak C. famous D. healthy?
5. A. though B. until C. because D. hether?
6. A. Luckily B. Suddenly C. Sadly D. Especially?
7. A. examples B. questions C. matters D. problems?
8. A. cut don B. plant C. protect D. ater?
9. A. money B. help C. clothes D. family?
10. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. sothing?
(12)
In the USA, children start school hen they are five years old. In so states(州) they must stay in school 1 they are sixteen. But most students are seventeen or eighteen years old hen they 2 sendary(中等的) schools. There are to kinds of schools in the USA: public schools and private(私立的) schools. 3 children go to public schools. Their parents don’t have to 4 their education because the school get 5 from the governnt(政府). If a child goes to a private school, his parents have to get enough money for his schooling. So parents 6 like private schools though they are much more expensive.?
Today about half of the high school students 7 in universities after they finish sendary schools. A student at a state university doesn’t have to pay very much 8 his parents live in that state.?
Many students 9 hile they are studying at universities. In this ay they get into 10 orking habits(习惯) and live by their on hands.?
1. A. and B.so C.till D.since?
2. A. leave B.enter C .reach D. pass?
3. A. Several B. Most C.A fe D. Fe?
4. A. orry about B. pay for C. ask for D. think of?
5. A. books B. teachers C. food D. money?
6. A. still B .never C. surely D. already?
7.A. play B. change C. study D. et?
8. A. before B. because C. if D. though?
9. A. smoke B. drink C. fight D. ork?
10. A. good B. bad C. happy D. rong?
【练习答案】
(1) 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.A 10.D
(2) 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.D
(3)1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D
(4)1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.C
(5)1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.A
(6)1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.D
(7)1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A
(8)1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.A
(9)1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.A
(10)1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.B 10.C
(11)1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.A
(12)1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.D 10.A